Evidence of intense ongoing endemic transmission of hepatitis C virus in Egypt.

نویسندگان

  • F DeWolfe Miller
  • Laith J Abu-Raddad
چکیده

Egypt has the highest prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world, estimated nationally at 14.7%. An estimated 9.8% are chronically infected. Numerous HCV prevalence studies in Egypt have published various estimates from different Egyptian communities, suggesting that Egypt, relative to the other nations of the world, might be experiencing intense ongoing HCV transmission. More importantly, a new national study provided an opportunity to apply established epidemiologic models to estimate incidence. Validated mathematical models for estimating incidence from age-specific prevalence were used. All previous prevalence studies of HCV in Egypt were reviewed and used to estimate incidence provided that there was sufficient age-specific data required by the models. All reports of anti-HCV antibody prevalence were much higher than any single other national estimate. Age was the strongest and most consistently associated factor to HCV prevalence and HCV RNA positivity. It was not possible to establish a prior reference point for HCV prevalence or incidence to compare with the 2009 incidence estimates. The modeled incidence from the national study and collectively from the modeled incidence from the previous community studies was 6.9/1,000 [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.5-7.4] per person per year and 6.6/1,000 (95% CI, 5.1-7.0) per person per year, respectively. Projected to the age structure of the Egyptian population, more than 500,000 new HCV infections per year were estimated. Iatrogenic transmission is the most likely, underlining exposure to the ongoing transmission. The study demonstrates the urgency to reduce HCV transmission in Egypt.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Egypt

Hepatitis C virus constitutes an epidemic in Egypt having the highest prevalence in the world of 14.7%. The reasons behind this unique epidemic may be dated back to iatrogenic role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy campaigns to control endemic schistosomiasis. Other routes of infection are contributing to the ongoing HCV transmission. The prevalent genotype in Egypt is type 4 (73%), the or...

متن کامل

Estimation of hepatitis C virus infections resulting from vertical transmission in Egypt

UNLABELLED Despite having the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in the world, the ongoing level of HCV incidence in Egypt and its drivers are poorly understood. Whereas HCV mother-to-child infection is a well-established transmission route, there are no estimates of HCV infections resulting from vertical transmission for any country, including Egypt. The aim of this study was to estima...

متن کامل

Epidemiologic Study of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission in Lorestan Province (2011-14)

ABSTRACT        Background and Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate epidemiology of risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission, and determine the association of its genotypes with viral load and response to treatment in patients referred to the Infectious Disease Clinic of Khorramabad.         Methods...

متن کامل

Possible sources for transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in 80 Children in Babol, North of Iran

Background: To determine the possible sources for the transmission of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection to children in Babol, North of Iran.Methods: Forty-five boys and 35 girls with the mean age of 9.2±5.1 years were evaluated from 1993 to 2004. Hepatitis B viral markers in all the family members were assessed. The risk factors for other sources were also determined.Results: Sixty-five (81.3%)...

متن کامل

Seroprevalence of Human Immunodificiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Infection In Hemophilic Patients In Iran

  Background and Objective: Although transfusion therapy has lead to great improvement in longevity for hemophiliacs, but there have been tragic setbacks especially from transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) .HIV was reported to increase the rate of HCV-related liver failure by 4.2 times. In this study, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HIV an...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

دوره 107 33  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2010